Structural basis for the carboxylation and epoxidation of human gamma-glutamyl carboxylase

Nature Communications, Published online: 27 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41467-026-71212-6

GGCX catalyzes vitamin K–dependent γ-carboxylation of glutamate residues. Here, the authors report its complex structures with multiple canonical substrates, elucidate the propeptide recognition mechanism, and identify three substrate-loading modes.

​Nature Communications, Published online: 27 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41467-026-71212-6GGCX catalyzes vitamin K–dependent γ-carboxylation of glutamate residues. Here, the authors report its complex structures with multiple canonical substrates, elucidate the propeptide recognition mechanism, and identify three substrate-loading modes.